Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2013 Jan 1;5(1):a011247.
doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a011247.

Toll-like receptor signaling

Affiliations
Review

Toll-like receptor signaling

Kian-Huat Lim et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. .

Abstract

Toll-like receptors sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns (e.g., lipopolysaccharides) and trigger gene-expression changes that ultimately eradicate the invading microbes.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
TLR signaling (simplified view).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
TLR signaling. (Adapted with kind permission of Cell Signaling Technology [http://www.cellsignal.com].)

References

    1. Barton GM, Kagan JC 2009. A cell biological view of Toll-like receptor function: Regulation through compartmentalization. Nat Rev Immunol 9: 535–542 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Blasius AL, Beutler B 2010. Intracellular Toll-like receptors. Immunity 32: 305–315 - PubMed
    1. Casanova JL, Abel L, Quintana-Murci L 2011. Human TLRs and IL-1Rs in host defense: Natural insights from evolutionary, epidemiological, and clinical genetics. Annu Rev Immunol 29: 447–491 - PubMed
    1. Flannery S, Bowie AG 2010. The interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases: Critical regulators of innate immune signalling. Biochem Pharmacol 80: 1981–1991 - PubMed
    1. Green NM, Marshak-Rothstein A 2011. Toll-like receptor driven B cell activation in the induction of systemic autoimmunity. Semin Immunol 23: 106–112 - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances