Validity and reliability of the Spanish sign language version of the KIDSCREEN-27 health-related quality of life questionnaire for use in deaf children and adolescents

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this paper was to test the validity and reliability of a Spanish sign language (SSL) adaptation of KIDSCREEN-27, a health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire for use in deaf children and adolescents.

Methods: We performed an observational cross-sectional study of 114 deaf children and adolescents aged 8 to 18 years old. The Spanish version of the KIDSCREEN-27 was adapted to SSL through the translation-back translation technique. The adapted questionnaire was then administered using a web tool to ensure complete access to study participants. Floor and ceiling effects were calculated. Structural and cultural validity were tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Cronbach's α was used to assess internal consistency. The questionnaire was administered for a second time to the entire sample after 2 to 4 weeks (test-retest reliability).

Results: In the SSL version of the KIDSCREEN-27, as in the original Spanish scale, five dimensions explained 59% of the variance. None of the participants obtained the minimum or maximum scores on the scale (floor and ceiling effect, respectively). Confirmatory factor analysis showed the goodness-of-fit of the factor solution with five dimensions of the SSL version. The Cronbach's α of both the total scale and of each of the distinct dimensions was above 0.75. The intra-class correlation coefficient of the test-retest scale was considered acceptable in all the dimensions.

Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the SSL version of the KIDSCREEN-27 are similar to those of the original Spanish version, providing a new tool for measuring HRQoL in deaf children and adolescents.

Keywords: Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud; Cross-cultural validity/adaptation; Cuestionario KIDSCREEN-27; Deaf children and adolescents; Health-related quality of life; KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire; Lengua de signos española; Niños y adolescentes sordos; Spanish sign language; Validación/adaptación transcultural.