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Review
. 2013 Mar;9(3):582-90.
doi: 10.4161/hv.23239. Epub 2013 Jan 7.

Cross-protection against drifted influenza viruses: options offered by adjuvanted and intradermal vaccines

Andrea Orsi  1 , Filippo Ansaldi, Daniela de Florentiis, Antonella Ceravolo, Valentina Parodi, Paola Canepa, Martina Coppelli, Giancarlo Icardi, Paolo Durando
Affiliations
Review

Cross-protection against drifted influenza viruses: options offered by adjuvanted and intradermal vaccines

Andrea Orsi et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013 Mar.

Abstract

Antigenic drift, the evolutionary mechanism of influenza viruses, results in an increased susceptibility of vaccinated subjects against circulating viruses. New vaccines able to grant a broader and cross-reactive immune response against drifted influenza variants are needed. Several strategies were explored to enhance the immunogenicity of plain vaccines: adjuvants, carriers and intradermal administration of influenza vaccine emerge as a promising options. To evaluate the ability of a MF59-adjuvanted and intradermal influenza vaccine to elicit an effective antibody response against circulating viruses presenting antigenic patterns different from those of the vaccine strains, we compared antibody responses elicited by "implemented" vaccines and conventional intramuscular trivalent inactivated vaccine against heterologous circulating influenza A viruses. Different studies, simulating different epidemiological pictures produced by the natural antigenic drift of seasonal influenza viruses, highlighted the superior cross-reactivity of the antibodies elicited by MF59 and intradermal vaccines, compared with subunit or split vaccine against heterologous viruses.

Keywords: MF59™; adjuvants; antigenic drift; cross-protection; influenza vaccine; intradermal.

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Figures

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Figure 1. Seroprotection rates (%) determined using HI assays after vaccination with MF59-adjuvanted and “plain” vaccines, according to viral strain.
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Figure 2. Seroprotection rates (%) determined using HI assays after vaccination with virosome-adjuvanted and “plain” vaccines, according to viral strain.
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Figure 3. Seroprotection rates (%) determined using HI assays after vaccination with intradermal and “plain” vaccines, according to viral strain.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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