Intake of high saturated-fat diets disturbs steroidogenesis, lipid metabolism and development of obese-swine conceptuses from early-pregnancy stages

Abstract

The current study indicates that life-long intake, from early-life, of an obesogenic diet with high saturated-fat (HSF) content induces dyslipidemia (high plasma concentrations of triglycerides in concurrence with low concentrations of HDL-cholesterol) in obese swine with leptin resistance (Iberian sows). In case of pregnancy, ovarian features (ovulatory efficiency and luteal steroidogenesis) of sows fed with HSF are not affected but embryo features are affected at so early stages like 28 days of pregnancy (first quarter), although embryo viability was still not affected. In this way, offspring from HSF sows showed a higher incidence of alterations in their developmental trajectory, mainly due to a higher incidence of growth retardation, in their steroidogenic activity and in their availability of triglycerides and cholesterol. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study illustrate the deleterious effects of maternal dyslipidemia, induced by the intake of HSF diets, on the oestradiol secretion of the conceptuses at early-pregnancy stages and, thus, on their developmental and metabolic features. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Pregnancy and steroids'.

Keywords: Leptin; Metabolism; Obesity; Oestradiol; Pregnancy; Swine.