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Multicenter Study
. 2012 Nov-Dec;54(6):579-86.
doi: 10.1590/s0036-36342012000600006.

[Congenital malformations in the offspring of epileptic mothers with and without anticonvulsant treatment]

[Article in Spanish]
Jazmín Arteaga-Vázquez  1 , Leonora Luna-Muñoz, Osvaldo M Mutchinick
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

[Congenital malformations in the offspring of epileptic mothers with and without anticonvulsant treatment]

[Article in Spanish]
Jazmín Arteaga-Vázquez et al. Salud Publica Mex. 2012 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence at birth and type of congenital malformations (CM) in newborns of epileptic mothers (NEM) treated and not treated with anticonvulsants, the correlation anticonvulsant/CM and other developmental disorders.

Materials and methods: Multicenter case-control study, in 166 live births NEM diagnosed in 21 501 newborns with CM and respective controls from the Registro y Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Malformaciones Congénitas (RYVEMCE).

Results: The frequency of CM in NEM treated with anticonvulsants was higher (48.3%) than in NEM of untreated mothers (28.3%), (OR= 2.37 IC95% 1.08-5.40), p=0.03. CMs most frequently found were: spina bifida, limb reduction defects, cleft lip palate, microcephaly, anotia/microtia, hypospadias, polydactyly, cleft palate, anophthalmia/ microphthalmia and omphalocele. No differences among monotherapy and polytherapy were observed. Diphenyl-hydantoin, carbamazepine and valproic acid were the most frequently anticonvulsants used.

Conclusions: Our results show the teratogenicity of epilepsy by itself, the synergistic effect of some anticonvulsants, and the need of an appropriate periconceptional control of the disease and treatment.

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