[Congenital malformations in the offspring of epileptic mothers with and without anticonvulsant treatment]
- PMID: 23318894
- DOI: 10.1590/s0036-36342012000600006
[Congenital malformations in the offspring of epileptic mothers with and without anticonvulsant treatment]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence at birth and type of congenital malformations (CM) in newborns of epileptic mothers (NEM) treated and not treated with anticonvulsants, the correlation anticonvulsant/CM and other developmental disorders.
Materials and methods: Multicenter case-control study, in 166 live births NEM diagnosed in 21 501 newborns with CM and respective controls from the Registro y Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Malformaciones Congénitas (RYVEMCE).
Results: The frequency of CM in NEM treated with anticonvulsants was higher (48.3%) than in NEM of untreated mothers (28.3%), (OR= 2.37 IC95% 1.08-5.40), p=0.03. CMs most frequently found were: spina bifida, limb reduction defects, cleft lip palate, microcephaly, anotia/microtia, hypospadias, polydactyly, cleft palate, anophthalmia/ microphthalmia and omphalocele. No differences among monotherapy and polytherapy were observed. Diphenyl-hydantoin, carbamazepine and valproic acid were the most frequently anticonvulsants used.
Conclusions: Our results show the teratogenicity of epilepsy by itself, the synergistic effect of some anticonvulsants, and the need of an appropriate periconceptional control of the disease and treatment.
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