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. 2013 Feb;5(2):173-6.
doi: 10.1002/emmm.201202387. Epub 2013 Jan 22.

From channelrhodopsins to optogenetics

Peter Hegemann  1 , Georg Nagel
Affiliations

From channelrhodopsins to optogenetics

Peter Hegemann et al. EMBO Mol Med. 2013 Feb.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The discovery of channelrhodopsins

  1. Phototaxis of the Chlamydomonas wild type strain CW2 and the channelrhodopsin-defective mutant H17.

  2. Electrophysiological recording from oocytes (in the centre, with two electrodes, left and right) allows investigation of light-induced (via light guide, below oocyte) currents, e.g. mediated by rhodopsins.

  3. Light-induced currents mediated by channelrhodopsin-2 (two illuminations for 1 s, blue bars) at −100 mV.

  4. Model of channelrhodopsin opening, following light absorption and isomerization of covalently bound retinal.

Figure 2
Figure 2. Cartoon of the Channelrhodopsin 7TM-fragment
The structure is drawn according to the data of Kato et al (2012) with key residues shown in color: voltage sensor E123 (cyan), residues of the access channel (magenta), central gate (blue), and inner gate (orange), OH-cluster green, and the retinal Schiff base is seen in red.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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