Factors affecting bone mineral density in adults with cerebral palsy

Abstract

Objective: To clarify factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: Thirty-five patients with CP participated in this study. Demographic data including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), subtype according to neuromotor type and topographical distribution, ambulatory function, and functional independence measure (FIM) were investigated. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femur were measured using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the factors affecting BMD were analyzed.

Results: The BMD had no significant association with factors such as gender, age, and subtype in adults with CP. However, BMI was significantly correlated with the BMD of lumbar spine and femur (p<0.05). The FIM score was also positively correlated with the BMD of femur (p<0.05). Moreover, CP patients with higher ambulatory function had significantly higher BMD of femur (p<0.05).

Conclusion: These findings suggest that BMI and functional levels such as FIM and ambulatory function can affect BMD in adults with CP. The results might be used as basic data, suggesting the importance of treatment including weight bearing exercise and gait training in adults with CP.

Keywords: Adult; Body mass index; Bone mineral density; Cerebral palsy; Functional level.

Fig. 1

Correlation between BMI and BMD in adults with cerebral palsy. (A) Spine L2-4, (B) Femur total. BMD: Bone mineral density, BMI: Body mass index.

Fig. 2

Correlation between BMD and FIM score in adults with cerebral palsy. (A) Spine L2-4, (B) Femur total. BMD: Bone mineral density, FIM: Functional independence measure.