Surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks--United States, 2009-2010

Abstract

Known pathogens cause an estimated 9.4 million foodborne illnesses annually in the United States. CDC collects data on foodborne disease outbreaks submitted by all states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico through CDC's Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System. Data reported for each outbreak include the number of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths; the etiologic agent; the implicated food vehicle; and other factors involved in food preparation and consumption. During 2009-2010, a total of 1,527 foodborne disease outbreaks (675 in 2009 and 852 in 2010) were reported, resulting in 29,444 cases of illness, 1,184 hospitalizations, and 23 deaths. Among the 790 outbreaks with a single laboratory-confirmed etiologic agent, norovirus was the most commonly reported, accounting for 42% of outbreaks. Salmonella was second, accounting for 30% of outbreaks. Among the 299 outbreaks attributed to a food composed of ingredients from one of 17 predefined, mutually exclusive food commodities, those most often implicated were beef (13%), dairy (12%), fish (12%), and poultry (11%). The commodities in the 299 outbreaks associated with the most illnesses were eggs (27% of illnesses), beef (11%), and poultry (10%). Public health, regulatory, and food industry professionals can use this information when creating targeted control strategies along the farm-to-table continuum for specific agents, specific foods, and specific pairs of agents and foods. This information also supports efforts to promote safe food-handling practices among food workers and the public.

FIGURE

Average annual rate of reported foodborne disease outbreaks per 1 million population* and number of outbreaks,^† by state and major etiology group^§ — Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System, United States, 2009–2010 * Cutpoints for outbreak rate categories determined using Jenks Natural Breaks Optimization in ArcGIS. Legend differs for each major etiology. ^† Number of reported outbreaks in each state. In addition to the 50 states, Puerto Rico reported 10 outbreaks, and the District of Columbia reported four outbreaks. ^§ Analysis restricted to outbreaks with a single confirmed or suspected etiology. ^¶ Includes 38 multistate outbreaks (i.e., outbreaks in which exposure to the etiologic agent occurred in more than one state) assigned as an outbreak to each state involved. Multistate outbreaks involved a median of seven (range: 2–45) states.