[Cancer prevention in gastroenterology]

Abstract

The revealing of benign neoplasms of various organs of alimentary system according to the data of Central Institute of gastroenterology during last 7 years was increased from 449 up to 1040 cases per year. The revealing of malignant neoplasms was kept at a same level (about 120 cases per year). The average revealing was appeared to be 3,4% for malignant tumors and 19,4% - for benign tumors among the patients who were enrolled into histological research. Among malignant tumors a carcinoma of the stomach and cancer of a colon were more frequently observed, without the tendency to fall during last 7 years. The revealing of benign neoplasms and other precancerous lesions in these organs is very important value for formation of monitoring groups for early cancer diagnosis. The precancerous pathology in a small bowel and esophagus became more frequent, but if in an esophagus the number of malignant neoplasms remains approximately at same level, in a small bowel - it has grown twice. The data of global and Russian statistics on prevalence and mortality from malignant neoplasms of digestive system were shown. The role of various risk factors for a cancer development, methods of its prophylaxis and early revealing were surveyed.