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. 2013 Feb;5(2):596-602.
doi: 10.3892/etm.2012.831. Epub 2012 Nov 23.

Effect of αlipoic acid and silymarin on bladder outlet obstruction

Abidin Yildirim  1 , Barbaros Başeskioğlu, Halide E Temel, Nilüfer Erkasap, Aydin Yenilmez, Sema Uslu, Caner Ozer, Mete Ozkurt, Turgut Dönmez
Affiliations

Effect of αlipoic acid and silymarin on bladder outlet obstruction

Abidin Yildirim et al. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Feb.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine whether the treatment of obstructed rat bladders with αlipoic acid (ALA) and silymarin reverses the biochemical and physiological responses to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). A total of 32 adult Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n=8 per group): sham (placebo surgery) animals with no treatment (group 1); control animals with surgically induced BOO (group 2); obstructed rats treated with ALA (group 3); and obstructed rats treated with silymarin (group 4). Histological evaluation, bladder weights, collagen structure, TdT-mediated biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL), inducible nitric oxide sentase (iNOS) mRNA levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels were investigated. The ALA-treated group had similar bladder weights, collagen levels and TUNEL positivity and decreased iNOS levels compared with the control group, while the silymarin group exhibited further differences. Serum MDA and TNF-α levels were both decreased in the ALA and silymarin groups. ALA treatment reduced the increased oxidative stress and bladder inflammation caused by BOO and may contribute to the protection of bladder function.

Keywords: bladder outlet obstruction; rat; silymarin; urinary bladder; αlipoic acid.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Histological evaluation of smooth muscle bundles. (A) Sham group, smooth muscles were clearly visible. (B) Control group, collagen bundles replaced smooth muscles. (C) Silymarin group, smooth muscles were more protected than in the control group but collagen bundles were also observed. (D) ALA group, small amounts of collagen bundles with more protected smooth muscles. Masson trichrome staining; Bar, 100 μm; ALA, αlipoic acid..
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Histological evaluation of collagen type III bundles. (A) Sham group, (B) control group. An increase in the number of type III collagen bundles compared with the sham group and type I collagen was observed. (C) Silymarin group. An increase was observed in collagen type III bundles but there was a slight decrease compared with the control group. (D) ALA group, a decrease in collagen type III bundles compared with the control group was observed. Masson trichrome staining; Bar, 100 μm; ALA, αlipoic acid.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Histological evaluation of collagen I bundles. (A) Sham group, (B) control group. Collagen type I bundles were increased. (C) Silymarin group, (D) ALA group. ALA and silymarin had a similar decreasing effect on collagen type I bundles although higher levels of bundles were observed than in the sham group. Masson trichrome staining; Bar, 100 μm; ALA, αlipoic acid.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
(A) Sham group, (B) control group, an increase in positive cells was observed. (C) Silymarin group, positivity ranged between that of the sham and control. (D) ALA group, significant decrease in TUNEL positivity. Bar, 50 μm; ALA, αlipoic acid; TUNEL, Tdt-mediated biotin nick end-labeling.
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