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. 2013 Feb;5(2):417-423.
doi: 10.3892/ol.2012.1051. Epub 2012 Nov 28.

Function and mechanism by which interferon regulatory factor-1 inhibits oncogenesis

Fei-Fei Chen  1 , Guan Jiang, Kerui Xu, Jun-Nian Zheng
Affiliations

Function and mechanism by which interferon regulatory factor-1 inhibits oncogenesis

Fei-Fei Chen et al. Oncol Lett. 2013 Feb.

Abstract

The present review focuses on recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechnisms by which interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 inhibits oncogenesis. IRF-1 is associated with regulation of interferon α and β transcription. In addition, numerous clinical studies have indicated that IRF-1 gene deletion or rearrangement correlates with development of specific forms of human cancer. IRF-1 has been revealed to exhibit marked functional diversity in the regulation of oncogenesis. IRF-1 activates a set of target genes associated with regulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis and the immune response. The role of IRF-1 in the regulation of various types of human tumor has important implications for understanding the susceptibility and progression of cancer. In addition, an improved understanding of the role of IRF-1 in the pathological processes that lead to human malignant diseases may aid development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: IRF-1; apoptosis; cell cycle; immune response; oncogenesis.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Structure of IRFs. All IRFs contain an amino-terminal DNA binding domain (DBD) that is characterized by a series of five well-conserved tryptophan-rich repeats (grey) and a regulatory domain (yellow). The DBD forms a helix-turn-helix domain and recognizes a DNA sequence similar to the IFN-stimulated response element. The majority of IRFs also contain an IRF-association domain (IAD) of type 1 (IAD1) or type 2 (IAD2). Specific IRFs contain repression domain(s) (red) and a nuclear-import signal(s) (black). For IRF-1, 3, 5 and 7, the mark of red arrows show that activity depends on phosphorylation. The number of amino acids of each IRF is indicated. IFN, interferon; IRF, IFN regulatory factor.
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