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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2013 Aug;15(8):1436-45.
doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntt005. Epub 2013 Feb 19.

A randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation treatments provided in HIV clinical care settings

Gary L Humfleet  1 , Sharon M Hall, Kevin L Delucchi, James W Dilley
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

A randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation treatments provided in HIV clinical care settings

Gary L Humfleet et al. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Aug.

Abstract

Introduction: Identifying successful smoking treatment interventions and methods of delivery is critical given the smoking rates among HIV-positive populations and the medical implications of smoking in this population. This study compared the efficacy of 3 smoking cessation interventions provided in HIV clinical treatment settings.

Methods: Following a baseline assessment, 209 HIV-positive smokers were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions in a parallel group design. Treatment conditions were individual counseling plus nicotine replacement treatment (NRT), a computer-based Internet smoking treatment plus NRT, and self-help plus NRT. Smoking status was determined at follow-up assessments completed at 12, 24, 36, and 52 weeks following treatment initiation.

Results: Cessation rates ranged from 15% to 29%; however, no statistically significant differences in abstinence were found among the treatment conditions over time. Those employed, those who reported a greater desire to quit, or those with lower mood disturbance scores were more likely to achieve abstinence (p < .01). The number of cigarettes participants reported smoking in the 24hr prior to each assessment significantly declined over time (p < .001).

Conclusions: Although we found no differences in abstinence rates across groups, the results indicate that integration of smoking cessation interventions is feasible in HIV clinical treatment settings, and cessation results are promising. The overall abstinence rates we report are comparable to those found in similar treatment studies across multiple populations. Further research is warranted.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Participant flow. The uneven sample sizes per condition were a function of two factors. The primary one was that we did not reach the targeted N so that, at the time enrollment ceased, the randomization had not returned to balance. The other was that we were able to recruit fewer participants in one of our strata than expected, those who smoked greater than 20 cigarettes per day. This may have exaggerated the unbalancing.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Analyses of point prevalence abstinence rates by treatment condition and time indicate no significant overall differences between treatments across time.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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