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Meta-Analysis
. 2013 Feb 25:13:34.
doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-13-34.

Consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis

Li-Xuan Sang  1 , Bing Chang, Xiao-Hang Li, Min Jiang
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of liver cancer: a meta-analysis

Li-Xuan Sang et al. BMC Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Background: Epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results regarding coffee consumption and the risk of liver cancer. We performed a meta-analysis of published case-control and cohort studies to investigate the association between coffee consumption and liver cancer.

Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science and the Cochrane library for studies published up to May 2012. We performed a meta-analysis of nine case-control studies and seven cohort studies.

Results: The summary odds ratio (OR) for high vs no/almost never drinkers was 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42-0.59), with no significant heterogeneity across studies (Q = 16.71; P = 0.337; I2 = 10.2%). The ORs were 0.50 (95% CI: 0.40-0.63) for case-control studies and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.38-0.62) for cohort studies. The OR was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.25-0.56) in males and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.33-1.10) in females. The OR was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.36-0.56) in Asian studies and 0.57 (95% CI: 0.44-0.75) in European studies. The OR was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.28-0.54) with no adjustment for a history of liver disease and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.46-0.66) after adjustment for a history of liver disease.

Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis suggested an inverse association between coffee consumption and liver cancer. Because of the small number of studies, further prospective studies are needed.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Process of study selection in the meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk estimates from studies assessing the association between high coffee consumption (highest versus non/occasionally) and liver cancer risk.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Begg’s funnel plot of coffee consumption and risk of liver cancer.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot of coffee consumption and risk of liver cancer, stratified by study type.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot of coffee consumption and risk of liver cancer, stratified by study region.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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