Methods used to quit smoking by people with physical disabilities

Abstract

Purpose/objective: People with mobility impairments (MIs) have higher smoking rates than the general population. We evaluated the use of psychosocial and pharmacological methods to quit smoking and readiness to quit smoking in this population in a cross-sectional study.

Research method/design: Current and former smokers with MIs who needed equipment to ambulate (e.g., cane, wheelchair; n = 152, 53.3% female, 86.2% current smokers) were recruited from the community and interviewed by telephone regarding their lifetime use of various quit methods and readiness to quit smoking.

Results: Results indicated that 57.3% reported a quit attempt in the past year, and 62% and 88.4% were planning on quitting in the next 30 days and six months, respectively. A minority of smokers with MIs reported using any type of counseling (5.3%; 3.3% in-person counseling and 2.6% phone counseling) or tablet medication (8.6%); 75% had made a "cold turkey" quit attempt (e.g., without any assistance). 36.8% and 19.7% reported using the nicotine patch and gum, respectively. Regression analyses indicated that greater nicotine dependence was associated with lower use of psychosocial treatments (p < .05), greater education was associated with greater tablet medication use (p = .051), and higher income was associated with both greater nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and tablet medication use (p < .05). Minorities with MIs were significantly less likely to use NRT than non-Hispanic Whites (p < .05).

Conclusions: Individuals with MIs are motivated to quit smoking but underuse some empirically validated cessation treatment options.