Recent progress in optical chemical sensors

Abstract

Optical chemical sensors have promoted escalating interest in the determination of various pollutants in the environment, which are creating toxicity and may cause serious health problems. This review paper focuses particularly on the recent progress and developments in this field; the working principles and basic classes of optical chemical sensors have been briefly described.

Figure 1.

Structure of the paper.

Figure 2.

Schematic of fiber-based evanescent wave fluorescence sensor [9], reproduced by the permission of Elsevier.

Figure 3.

Schematic of an unclad U-bent multimode optical fiber [12]. reproduced by the permission of John Wiley and Sons.

Figure 4.

Schematic of Mach-Zehnder configration.

Figure 5.

The schematic of photoacoustic spectrometer [64], reproduced by the permission of Elsevier.