The menopausal hot flush: symptom reports and concomitant physiological changes

Abstract

Hot flushes are the most frequently reported menopausal symptom. The primary study goal was to develop criteria for the identification of hot flushes that ultimately could be applied independent of symptom report. Twenty-one postmenopausal women each underwent psychophysiological monitoring. Physiological activity accompanying their 93 subjective flush reports was compared with activity during nonflush periods, and a discriminant function analysis was carried out. The Physiological Flush Profile (PFP), developed on the basis of these analyses, consists of peripheral vasodilation plus an increase in skin conductance (sternal and/or palmar), both of a specified magnitude. The PFP was shown to be both a specific and a sensitive measure of hot flushes. Notably, change in sternal skin conductance was highly positively correlated with subjective flush severity ratings. Potential applications of the PFP toward delineating the role of psychological factors in the reporting of menopausal symptomatology are discussed.