Intestinal permeability in subjects from two different race groups with diverse stone-risk profiles

Abstract

It is well established that calcium oxalate stones may be caused by colonic or ileum oxalate (Ox) hyperabsorption (secondary to intestinal dysfunction). Studies have reported that increased intestinal permeability (IP) can cause hyperabsorption of nutrients culminating in passive diffusion of Ox. In South Africa, renal stones occur in the white population (W) but are extremely rare in the black population (B). Previous studies have shown that despite B having a hyperoxalurogenic diet relative to W, urinary Ox in the former is not higher. It has been suggested that different Ox handling mechanisms in the groups are the cause of this disparity. The present study was undertaken to examine whether the IP index, a reliable and accurate measure of intestinal integrity, plays a role in this anomaly. Ten healthy males from each group ingested a dual-sugar isotonic solution containing 5 g lactulose (LA) and 2 g mannitol (MA). IP was assessed by comparing the LA:MA ratio in 5 h urine samples using high performance anion exchange chromatography coupled with pulse amperometric detection to measure the concentration of each sugar. 24 h dietary intake and urine composition were also determined. LA excretion was identical in both groups (0.03 %) while MA excretion was 8.3 % in B and 11.3 % in W. IP index was 0.004 for B and 0.003 for W. It is concluded that IP is not a contributory factor in the apparent different handling of dietary Ox in B and W South Africans. It is speculated that differences in renal transporters may play a role.