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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2013 Aug;36(8):2346-50.
doi: 10.2337/dc12-2469. Epub 2013 Apr 5.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 reduces endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress induced by both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes

Antonio Ceriello  1 , Anna Novials, Emilio Ortega, Silvia Canivell, Lucia La Sala, Gemma Pujadas, Katherine Esposito, Dario Giugliano, Stefano Genovese
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Glucagon-like peptide 1 reduces endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress induced by both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes

Antonio Ceriello et al. Diabetes Care. 2013 Aug.

Abstract

Objective: Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia currently are considered risk factors for cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes. Both acute hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia induce endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, raising the oxidative stress. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has antioxidant properties, and evidence suggests that it protects endothelial function.

Research design and methods: The effect of both acute hyperglycemia and acute hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes, with or without the simultaneous infusion of GLP-1, on oxidative stress (plasma nitrotyrosine and plasma 8-iso prostaglandin F2alpha), inflammation (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6), and endothelial dysfunction has been evaluated.

Results: Both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia acutely induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. GLP-1 significantly counterbalanced these effects.

Conclusions: These results suggest a protective effect of GLP-1 during both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Glycemia, FMD, sICAM-1, nitrotyrosine, IL-6, and 8-iso-PGF2a in type 1 diabetes during hypoglycemia experiments. Open triangles (△) indicate hypoglycemia and filled triangles (▲) indicate hypoglycemia plus GLP-1. *P < 0.01 vs. basal. #P < 0.01 vs. hypoglycemia plus GLP-1.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Glycemia, FMD, sICAM-1, nitrotyrosine, IL-6, and 8-iso-PGF2a in type 1 diabetes during hyperglycemia experiments. Open circles (○) indicate hyperglycemia and filled circles (●) indicate hyperglycemia plus GLP-1. *P < 0.01 vs. basal. #P < 0.01 vs. hyperglycemia plus GLP-1. §P < 0.01 vs. hyperglycemia plus GLP-1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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