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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2013 Jul;9(7):1399-406.
doi: 10.4161/hv.24340. Epub 2013 Apr 9.

Cross-protective vaccine efficacy of the bivalent HPV vaccine against HPV31 is associated with humoral immune responses: results from the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial

Mahboobeh Safaeian  1 , Troy J Kemp, David Yuanji Pan, Carolina Porras, Ana Cecilia Rodriguez, Mark Schiffman, Bernal Cortes, Hormuzd Katki, Sholom Wacholder, John T Schiller, Paula Gonzalez, Kerri Penrose, Douglas R Lowy, Wim Quint, Leen-Jan van Doorn, Rolando Herrero, Allan Hildesheim, Ligia A Pinto
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Cross-protective vaccine efficacy of the bivalent HPV vaccine against HPV31 is associated with humoral immune responses: results from the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial

Mahboobeh Safaeian et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013 Jul.

Abstract

Background: We investigated the role of antibody responses as potential mechanism for the cross-protective vaccine-efficacies (VE) observed from randomized clinical trials of the HPV16/18 bivalent vaccine. Results HPV31 cases had lower HPV16 antibody levels than controls (OR 4th quartile compared with 1st quartile = 0.63; 95%CI: 0.36-1.08; p-trend = 0.03). HPV31 cases were also less likely to have detectable HPV31 neutralization, and HPV16 avidity than controls. No statistically significant differences by HPV18 antibody or HPV45 neutralization were observed among HPV45 cases and controls. Protection against HPV58 was not associated with any of the markers, confirming the specificity of our findings.

Methods: Samples are from three-dose HPV vaccine recipients from the Costa Rica HPV16/18 vaccine trial. Women with a new HPV31, HPV45, or HPV58 infections over four years of follow-up were compared with randomly selected control women--with no new infection with HPV31/45/58--with respect to HPV16 and HPV18 antibody, HPV31, HPV45, and HPV58 neutralization, and HPV16 avidity.

Conclusions: High HPV16 levels and avidity, and the ability to neutralize HPV31 were associated with protection against newly detected HPV31 infections, suggesting that the partial VE demonstrated for HPV31 is likely to be mediated at least in part through antibodies induced by HPV16/18 vaccination.

Keywords: HPV vaccine; cross-protection; humoral; immune response; mechanisms for protection.

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