["Need-driven-dementia-compromised-behavior" model and "gentle care" as answer to Alzheimer's disease]

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a progressive cognitive, behavioural and functional decline which determines ability loss. With the gradual aging of the population, Alzheimer's disease is becoming a major health and social problem which involves not only the individuals but also their whole family. The aim of this study is to identify the most important needs of patients and to suggest interventions to manage it at home, according to the pattern of Gentle Care. Care needs of Alzheimer's disease patients have been investigated, through the use of semi-structured interview of caregivers who take care of loved ones at home. The survey has been carried out through the use of a data collection tool proposed in the conceptual model of nursing "Need-driven Dementia-compromised Behaviour Model", validated and tested in the United States. Data highlights an high degree of patient dependence from their caregiver for numerous activities of daily living. Interviews show a poor level of information and lack of support from professionals who can help caregivers in their everyday life. On the basis of the data gathered, a number of care interventions, which seams as the most appropriate in order to best take care of patients, were identified. Moreover, main needs of family caregivers were also identified, they need more information and support with respect to caregiving responsibilities.