Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2013 Apr 8;8(4):e60757.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060757. Print 2013.

European H16N3 gull influenza virus attaches to the human respiratory tract and eye

Cecilia Lindskog  1 , Patrik Ellström, Björn Olsen, Fredrik Pontén, Debby van Riel, Vincent J Munster, Daniel González-Acuña, Thijs Kuiken, Elsa Jourdain
Affiliations

European H16N3 gull influenza virus attaches to the human respiratory tract and eye

Cecilia Lindskog et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

We explored the attachment of an H16N3 influenza virus to human, mallard, and gull tissues using virus histochemistry applied to tissue microarrays and employing human and mallard viruses as references. Of the viruses tested, the H16N3 gull virus most readily attached to the human respiratory tract and eye. These results underscore the need to assess the potential for gull influenza viruses to replicate in human tissues and further investigate the role of gulls in influenza virus ecology.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Attachment (in red) of human H3N2, mallard H6N1, and gull H16N3 influenza viruses to human tissues.
The nuclei are counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Control slides were incubated with phosphate buffer saline instead of fluorescein-labeled influenza viruses.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Attachment (in red) of human H3N2, mallard H6N1, and gull H16N3 influenza viruses to mallard tissues.
The nuclei are counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Control slides were incubated with phosphate buffer saline instead of fluorescein-labeled influenza viruses.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Attachment (in red) of human H3N2, mallard H6N1, and gull H16N3 influenza viruses to gull tissues.
The nuclei are counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Control slides were incubated with phosphate buffer saline instead of fluorescein-labeled influenza viruses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Olsen B, Munster VJ, Wallensten A, Waldenstrom J, Osterhaus AD, et al. (2006) Global patterns of influenza a virus in wild birds. Science 312: 384–388. - PubMed
    1. Zhu X, Yu W, McBride R, Li Y, Chen LM, et al. (2013) Hemagglutinin homologue from H17N10 bat influenza virus exhibits divergent receptor-binding and pH-dependent fusion activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110: 1458–1463. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ellström P, Latorre-Margalef N, Griekspoor P, Waldenström J, Olofsson J, et al. (2008) Sampling for low-pathogenic avian influenza A virus in wild Mallard ducks: oropharyngeal versus cloacal swabbing. Vaccine 26: 4414–4416. - PubMed
    1. Munster VJ, Baas C, Lexmond P, Bestebroer TM, Guldemeester J, et al. (2009) Practical considerations for high-throughput influenza A virus surveillance studies of wild birds by use of molecular diagnostic tests. J Clin Microbiol 47: 666–673. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Jourdain E, Gunnarsson G, Wahlgren J, Latorre-Margalef N, Brojer C, et al. (2010) Influenza Virus in a Natural Host, the Mallard: Experimental Infection Data. Plos One 5(1): e8935. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types