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. 2013 Jun;103(6):1103-9.
doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301223. Epub 2013 Apr 18.

Trauma deserts: distance from a trauma center, transport times, and mortality from gunshot wounds in Chicago

Marie Crandall  1 , Douglas Sharp, Erin Unger, David Straus, Karen Brasel, Renee Hsia, Thomas Esposito
Affiliations

Trauma deserts: distance from a trauma center, transport times, and mortality from gunshot wounds in Chicago

Marie Crandall et al. Am J Public Health. 2013 Jun.

Abstract

Objectives: We examined whether urban patients who suffered gunshot wounds (GSWs) farther from a trauma center would have longer transport times and higher mortality.

Methods: We used the Illinois State Trauma Registry (1999-2009). Scene address data for Chicago-area GSWs was geocoded to calculate distance to the nearest trauma center and compare prehospital transport times. We used multivariate regression to calculate the effect on mortality of being shot more than 5 miles from a trauma center.

Results: Of 11,744 GSW patients during the study period, 4782 were shot more than 5 miles from a trauma center. Mean transport time and unadjusted mortality were higher for these patients (P < .001 for both). In a multivariate model, suffering a GSW more than 5 miles from a trauma center was associated with an increased risk of death (odds ratio = 1.23; 95% confidence interval = 1.02, 1.47; P = .03).

Conclusions: Relative "trauma deserts" with decreased access to immediate care were found in certain areas of Chicago and adversely affected mortality from GSWs. These results may inform decisions about trauma systems planning and funding.

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Figures

FIGURE 1—
FIGURE 1—
Density map of gunshot wound (GSW) mortality and distance from a trauma center: Chicago, IL, 1999–2009. Source. Illinois State Trauma Registry.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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