Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and increases energy levels in overweight men and women

Abstract

Background: Numerous natural products are marketed and sold claiming to decrease body weight and fat, but few undergo finished product-specific research demonstrating their safety and efficacy.

Objective: To determine the safety and efficacy of a multi-ingredient supplement containing primarily raspberry ketone, caffeine, capsaicin, garlic, ginger and Citrus aurantium (Prograde Metabolism™ [METABO]) as an adjunct to an eight-week weight loss program.

Methods: Using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design, 70 obese but otherwise healthy subjects were randomly assigned to METABO or a placebo and underwent 8 weeks of daily supplementation, a calorie restricted diet, and exercise training. Subjects were tested for changes in body composition, serum adipocytokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6) and markers of health including heart rate and blood pressure.

Results: Of the 45 subjects who completed the study, significant differences were observed in: body weight (METABO -2.0% vs. placebo -0.5%, P < 0.01), fat mass (METABO -7.8 vs. placebo -2.8%, P < 0.001), lean mass (METABO +3.4% vs. placebo +0.8%, P < 0.03), waist girth (METABO -2.0% vs. placebo -0.2%, P < 0.0007), hip girth (METABO -1.7% vs. placebo -0.4%, P < 0.003), and energy levels per anchored visual analogue scale (VAS) (METABO +29.3% vs. placebo +5.1%, P < 0.04). During the first 4 weeks, effects/trends for maintaining elevated serum leptin (P < 0.03) and decreased serum resistin (P < 0.08) in the METABO group vs. placebo were also observed. No changes in systemic hemodynamics, clinical blood chemistries, adverse events, or dietary intake were noted between groups.

Conclusions: METABO administration is a safe and effective adjunct to an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program by augmenting improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth. Adherence to the eight-week weight loss program also led to beneficial changes in body fat in placebo. Ongoing studies to confirm these results and clarify the mechanisms (i.e., biochemical and neuroendocrine mediators) by which METABO exerts the observed salutary effects are being conducted.

Figure 1

Supplement Facts panel for METABO.

Figure 2

Mean ± SD changes in body weight, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups during the post time point via ANCOVA.

Figure 3

Mean ± SD changes in body fat mass, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the post time point via ANCOVA.

Figure 4

Mean ± SD changes in waist girth, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the post time point via ANCOVA.

Figure 5

Mean ± SD changes in hip girth, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the mid and post time points via ANCOVA.

Figure 6

Mean ± SD changes in lean body mass, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the post time point via ANCOVA.

Figure 7

Mean ± SD changes in lean mass-to-fat mass ratio, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the post time point via ANCOVA.

Figure 8

Mean ± SD changes in energy levels, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the post time point via ANCOVA.

Figure 9

Mean ± SD changes in fat cravings, relative-to-baseline, in subjects who received METABO and placebo. * indicates statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the post time point via ANCOVA.