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. 2013 Aug;80(2):88-97.
doi: 10.5414/CN107916.

Sleep complaints, depression and quality of life in Norwegian dialysis patients

Fredrik Barth Brekke  1 , Amin Amro, Tone Brit Hortemo Østhus, Toril Dammen, Bård Waldum, Ingrid Os
Affiliations

Sleep complaints, depression and quality of life in Norwegian dialysis patients

Fredrik Barth Brekke et al. Clin Nephrol. 2013 Aug.

Abstract

Background: This study explores sleep problems in dialysis patients and the associations to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depression. A comparison between different validated sleep questionnaires was done in order to find an appropriate diagnostic tool in clinical practice.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 301 prevalent dialysis patients, sleep problems were elaborated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Poor sleep was defined as PSQI score > 5 and daytime sleepiness as ESS > 10. HRQoL, including quality of sleep, was evaluated with the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life - Short Form (KDQoL-SF), and physical (PCS) and mental component summary scores (MCS) were computed. Depression was assessed with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Results: Poor sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness was found in 74.3% and 22.2%, respectively. Depression was common (29.5%) and associated with reduced sleep quality (ρ = 0.49, p < 0.001). Poor sleepers had significantly lower MCS (51.8 ± 9.6 vs. 46.6 ± 10.6, p = 0.001) and PCS (41.8 ± 9.6 vs. 35.2 ± 10.0, p < 0.001) compared to good sleepers. PSQI scores were independently associated with PCS (p = 0.001), but not MCS (p = 0.468) in multivariate analyses. The sleep subscale from KDQoL-SF was strongly correlated to PSQI (r = -0.75, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: As sleep complaints, daytime sleepiness and depression were prevalent, all dialysis patients should routinely be screened for self-perceived sleep problems with a simple Questionnaire.

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