Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2013 Jun;144(6):1194-8.
doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.070.

Relevance of animal models of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis to human disease

Ashok K Saluja  1 , Vikas Dudeja
Affiliations
Review

Relevance of animal models of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis to human disease

Ashok K Saluja et al. Gastroenterology. 2013 Jun.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest

The authors disclose no conflicts.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Potential anticancer therapies should be evaluated in multiple animal models. Thus, novel therapies should be evaluated in more than one model because the results and conclusions gained from testing drugs in multiple complementary models will be more reliable. For example, Minnelide, a novel water-soluble analog of a natural compound triptolide, was evaluated in multiple animal models in preclinical studies. (A) Kaplan–Meier curve showing that Minnelide increased survival of mice with pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic xenograft model with pancreatic cancer cell line AsPc-1. In this model AsPC-1 cells (2 × 105) were injected into the tail of the pancreas of athymic nu/nu mice. On day 7, mice were randomized to Minnelide (0.42 mg/kg) or the saline group. On day 100, the Minnelide-treated cohort (n = 10) was divided into 2 groups. One group (n = 5) continued to receive Minnelide (0.42 mg/kg), but treatment was terminated in the second group (n = 5; D/C; stop Minnelide). All the animals in the Minnelide-treated group were alive at day 385 when the experiment was terminated. Survival lines are superimposed. *Censored because deaths were unrelated to pancreatic cancer. (B) In another similar orthotopic xenograft model with pancreatic cancer cell line S2-013, Minnelide markedly reduced locoregional spread. Macroscopic analysis of metastasis in control and Minnelide-treated groups is shown. (C) Minnelide decreases tumor size in a human subcutaneous xenograft model of pancreatic cancer. A de-identified patient pancreatic tumor was implanted into severe combined immunodeficient animals that were randomized to Minnelide (0.42 mg/kg) or the saline group when the tumor reached a size of 300 mm3. In the Minnelide group the treatment was stopped on day 55 (Minnelide D/C). Even when Minnelide was stopped, the tumor did not recur. In the saline group, when the tumor reached 1000 mm3 the animals were started on Minnelide. This was associated with marked decreases in the tumor volume. (D) Tumor in the subcutaneous human xenograft model retains its original architecture. The neoplastic glands are surrounded by fibrous stromal tissue.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Capella G, Farre L, Villanueva A, et al. Orthotopic models of human pancreatic cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;880:103–109. - PubMed
    1. Fiebig HH, Maier A, Burger AM. Clonogenic assay with established human tumour xenografts: correlation of in vitro to in vivo activity as a basis for anticancer drug discovery. Eur J Cancer. 2004;40:802–820. - PubMed
    1. Johnson JI, Decker S, Zaharevitz D, et al. Relationships between drug activity in NCI preclinical in vitro and in vivo models and early clinical trials. Br J Cancer. 2001;84:1424–1431. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Loukopoulos P, Kanetaka K, Takamura M, et al. Orthotopic transplantation models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma derived from cell lines and primary tumors and displaying varying metastatic activity. Pancreas. 2004;29:193–203. - PubMed
    1. Frese KK, Tuveson DA. Maximizing mouse cancer models. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007;7:645–658. - PubMed

MeSH terms