Treatment of sigmoid volvulus: a single-center experience of 952 patients over 46.5 years

Abstract

Background: Sigmoid volvulus describes the wrapping of the sigmoid colon around itself and its mesentery, causing an intestinal obstruction. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of 952 patients treated for sigmoid volvulus over a period of 46.5 years.

Methods: Clinical records were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Nonsurgical detorsion was performed in 686 patients with 77.1 % success, 2.5 % morbidity, 0.7 % mortality, and 4.5 % early recurrence rates; emergency surgical procedures were performed in 447 patients with 35.3 % morbidity, 16.1 % mortality, 0.7 % early recurrence, and 7.4 % late recurrence rates, while elective surgical treatment was performed in 104 patients with 12.5 % morbidity, no mortality, and no recurrence.

Conclusions: The principal strategy in the treatment for sigmoid volvulus is early nonsurgical detorsion followed by elective surgery in uncomplicated patients, while emergency surgical treatment is performed for patients with bowel gangrene, perforation, or peritonitis, other difficulties with diagnosis, unsuccessful nonsurgical detorsion, and early recurrence.