Preparation and characterisation of mucoadhesive nasal gel of venlafaxine hydrochloride for treatment of anxiety disorders

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to prepare and evaluate mucoadhesive nasal gels of venlafaxine hydrochloride. Mucoadhesive nasal gels were prepared using polymers like carbopol 934 and sodium alginate and characterized in terms of viscosity, texture profile analysis, ex vivo drug permeation profiles and histopathological studies. The results show that values of viscosity, hardness and adhesiveness increase while those of cohesiveness decrease with corresponding increase in concentration of the polymers. Ex vivo drug permeation profiles showed that formulation containing 5% sodium alginate provided a better controlled release of the drug than the other formulations over a period of 12 h. Histopathological studies assured that gels containing different polymers did not produce any significant change in the nasal mucosae of goat even after 12 h permeation study. Mucoadhesive nasal gel of venlafaxine hydrochloride is a novel dosage form which delivers the drug directly into systemic circulation and provides controlled release of the drug.

Keywords: Mucoadhesive; nasal gel; novel dosage form; venlafaxine hydrochloride.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Ex vivo drug permeation profiles. Ex vivo drug permeation profiles of formulations prepared from different formulations. Data represent mean±SD.

Fig. 3

Histology of goat nasal mucosa. Photograph of histology of goat nasal mucosa in ex vivo drug permeation study. (a) Control; (b) 5% Carbopol gel; (c) 5% Sodium alginate gel; (d) 5% Carbopol:sodium alginate gel