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Review
. 2013 May 31;340(6136):1232910.
doi: 10.1126/science.1232910.

Accelerating next-generation vaccine development for global disease prevention

Wayne C Koff  1 , Dennis R Burton, Philip R Johnson, Bruce D Walker, Charles R King, Gary J Nabel, Rafi Ahmed, Maharaj K Bhan, Stanley A Plotkin
Affiliations
Review

Accelerating next-generation vaccine development for global disease prevention

Wayne C Koff et al. Science. .

Abstract

Vaccines are among the greatest successes in the history of public health. However, past strategies for vaccine development are unlikely to succeed in the future against major global diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. For such diseases, the correlates of protection are poorly defined and the pathogens evade immune detection and/or exhibit extensive genetic variability. Recent advances have heralded in a new era of vaccine discovery. However, translation of these advances into vaccines remains impeded by lack of understanding of key vaccinology principles in humans. We review these advances toward vaccine discovery and suggest that for accelerating successful vaccine development, new human immunology-based clinical research initiatives be implemented with the goal of elucidating and more effectively generating vaccine-induced protective immune responses.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Reverse engineering of vaccines
The figure schematically depicts the identification of bnAbs; technological advances in high-throughput robotic crystallization platforms to enable greater precision in identifying the epitope targets for bnAbs; computational methods to design scaffolds mimicking the binding site of the bnAbs; and lastly greater understanding at the mechanistic level for selection of adjuvants to include in vaccine formulations for potentiating immune responses.
Figure 1
Figure 1. Reverse engineering of vaccines
The figure schematically depicts the identification of bnAbs; technological advances in high-throughput robotic crystallization platforms to enable greater precision in identifying the epitope targets for bnAbs; computational methods to design scaffolds mimicking the binding site of the bnAbs; and lastly greater understanding at the mechanistic level for selection of adjuvants to include in vaccine formulations for potentiating immune responses.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Technological advances towards deciphering human immune responses
This figure depicts technological advances in deep sequencing and bioinformatics which now allow identification of the antibodyome and tracing antibody development from germline through somatically hypermutated intermediates to the designated fully mature antibody Such tracing can help guide B cell lineage-based vaccine design (23).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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