Development of calcium release mechanisms during starfish oocyte maturation

Abstract

In response to the maturation-inducing hormone 1-methyladenine, starfish oocytes acquire increased sensitivity to sperm and inositol trisphosphate (InsP3), stimuli that cause a release of calcium from intracellular stores and a rise in intracellular free calcium. In the immature oocyte, the calcium release in response to 10 sperm entries is less than that seen with a single sperm entry in the mature egg. Likewise, the sensitivity to injected InsP3 is less in the immature oocyte. Approximately 100 times as much InsP3 is required to obtain the same calcium release in an immature oocyte as in a mature egg. However, with saturating amounts of InsP3, immature oocytes and mature eggs release comparable amounts of calcium. These results indicate that although calcium stores are well-developed in the immature oocyte, mechanisms for releasing the calcium develop fully only during oocyte maturation.