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Case Reports
. 2012 Jul;4(2):126-8.
doi: 10.4103/2006-8808.110262.

Triorchidism: a rare genitourinary abnormality

Trupti Tonape  1 , Gurjit Singh, P Koushik, Trinath Tumepalli
Affiliations
Case Reports

Triorchidism: a rare genitourinary abnormality

Trupti Tonape et al. J Surg Tech Case Rep. 2012 Jul.

Abstract

Polyorchidism is an extremely rare congenital anomaly which refers to the presence of more than two testicles. There are very few reports of triorchidism in a 2 year old child. Polyorchidism is usually discovered incidentally. The most common anomalies associated with polyorchidism are inguinal hernia (30%), maldescended testis (15% to 30%), testicular torsion (13%) and hydrocele (9%). A 2-year-old child was brought with bilateral undescended testis with normal milestones. Ultrasonography of scrotum and abdomen showed both the testes to be in inguinal canal. Intra-operatively, on left side - there were two testes, which belonged to Leung III class and one testis on right side. Management of polyorchidism is still controversial. The management of polyorchidism will depend upon the location, size and anatomical organisation of the testicular drainage system and the age of the patient.

Keywords: Fine needle aspiration cytology; follow up; triorchidism.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Operative photograph showing two testis on left side with their respective epididymis draining into one vas
Figure 2
Figure 2
Type-I: Supernumerary testis lacks an epididymis or vas and has got no attachment to the usual testis. (Division of genital ridge only)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Type-II: The supernumerary testis drains into epididymis of usual testis and they share a common vas. (Division of genital ridge occurs in the region where the primordial gonads are attached to the metanephric ducts, although the mesonephros and metanephric ducts are not divided, i.e., incomplete division)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Type-III: The supernumerary testis has its own epididymis and both epididymis of the ipsilateral testes draining into one vas. (Complete transverse division of mesonephros as well as genital ridge)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Type-IV: Complete duplication of testes, epididymis and vas. (Vertical division of genital ridge and mesonephros)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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