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Comment
. 2013 Jun 4;17(6):814-815.
doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.05.016.

Agitation by suffocation: how hypoxia activates innate immunity via the Warburg effect

Haitao Wen  1 , Jenny P-Y Ting  2
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Agitation by suffocation: how hypoxia activates innate immunity via the Warburg effect

Haitao Wen et al. Cell Metab. .
Free article

Abstract

A hypoxic microenvironment can enhance the function of innate immune cells; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. Tannahill et al. (2013) find that in macrophages, the accumulation of succinate, an intermediate metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, stabilizes the transcription factor HIF-1α, leading to activation of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β.

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  • Succinate is an inflammatory signal that induces IL-1β through HIF-1α.
    Tannahill GM, Curtis AM, Adamik J, Palsson-McDermott EM, McGettrick AF, Goel G, Frezza C, Bernard NJ, Kelly B, Foley NH, Zheng L, Gardet A, Tong Z, Jany SS, Corr SC, Haneklaus M, Caffrey BE, Pierce K, Walmsley S, Beasley FC, Cummins E, Nizet V, Whyte M, Taylor CT, Lin H, Masters SL, Gottlieb E, Kelly VP, Clish C, Auron PE, Xavier RJ, O'Neill LA. Tannahill GM, et al. Nature. 2013 Apr 11;496(7444):238-42. doi: 10.1038/nature11986. Epub 2013 Mar 24. Nature. 2013. PMID: 23535595 Free PMC article.

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