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. 2013 Jun;48(8):574-80.
doi: 10.3109/10826084.2013.787092. Epub 2013 Jun 10.

Bidirectional associations between future time perspective and substance use among continuation high-school students

Elizabeth Barnett  1 , Donna Spruijt-Metz, Jennifer B Unger, Louise Ann Rohrbach, Ping Sun, Steve Sussman
Affiliations

Bidirectional associations between future time perspective and substance use among continuation high-school students

Elizabeth Barnett et al. Subst Use Misuse. 2013 Jun.

Abstract

We examined whether a bidirectional, longitudinal relationship exists between future time perspective (FTP), measured with the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and any past 30-day use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or hard drugs among continuation high school students (N = 1,310, mean age 16.8 years) in a large urban area. We found increased FTP to be protective against drug use for all substances except alcohol. While any baseline use of substances did not predict changes in FTP 1 year later. The discussion explores why alcohol findings may differ from other substances. Future consideration of FTP as a mediator of program effects is explored.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.

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