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Review
. 2013:2013:634598.
doi: 10.1155/2013/634598. Epub 2013 May 15.

The potential roles of 18F-FDG-PET in management of acute stroke patients

Adomas Bunevicius  1 , Hong Yuan, Weili Lin
Affiliations
Review

The potential roles of 18F-FDG-PET in management of acute stroke patients

Adomas Bunevicius et al. Biomed Res Int. 2013.

Abstract

Extensive efforts have recently been devoted to developing noninvasive imaging tools capable of delineating brain tissue viability (penumbra) during acute ischemic stroke. These efforts could have profound clinical implications for identifying patients who may benefit from tPA beyond the currently approved therapeutic time window and/or patients undergoing neuroendovascular treatments. To date, the DWI/PWI MRI and perfusion CT have received the most attention for identifying ischemic penumbra. However, their routine use in clinical settings remains limited. Preclinical and clinical PET studies with [(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) have consistently revealed a decreased (18)F-FDG uptake in regions of presumed ischemic core. More importantly, an elevated (18)F-FDG uptake in the peri-ischemic regions has been reported, potentially reflecting viable tissues. To this end, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the utilization of (14)C-2-DG and (18)F-FDG-PET in experimental as well as human stroke studies. Possible cellular mechanisms and physiological underpinnings attributed to the reported temporal and spatial uptake patterns of (18)F-FDG are addressed. Given the wide availability of (18)F-FDG in routine clinical settings, (18)F-FDG PET may serve as an alternative, non-invasive tool to MRI and CT for the management of acute stroke patients.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
ADC and MTT maps demonstrating DWI/PWI match and mismatch in relation to the MRI T2 lesion.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The association of cerebral blood flow thresholds and duration of ischemia with functional and structural tissue fates (adapted from [111, 112]).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Transport and metabolism of glucose and 18F-FDG.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The association of cerebral blood flow (CBF) with cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglc) and ATP content in a gerbil stroke model (adapted from [50], with permission).
Figure 5
Figure 5
18F-FDG uptake prior to MCAO (control) and at different times after MCAO in a transient intraluminal MCAO rat model.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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