An entropy-based model for basal ganglia dysfunctions in movement disorders

Abstract

During this last decade, nonlinear analyses have been used to characterize the irregularity that exists in the neuronal data stream of the basal ganglia. In comparison to linear parameters for disparity (i.e., rate, standard deviation, and oscillatory activities), nonlinear analyses focus on complex patterns that are composed of groups of interspike intervals with matching lengths but not necessarily contiguous in the data stream. In light of recent animal and clinical studies, we present a review and commentary on the basal ganglia neuronal entropy in the context of movement disorders.

Figure 1

This figure shows a hypothetical relation between neuronal entropy and the aptitude of the downstream of information to generate movement regarding the conditions of hypokinesia and hyperkinesia. Low neuronal complexity could result in a hyperlegible signals and increased motor production. In contrast, high neuronal complexity could result in an indecipherable signal reducing motor production. Anti-Parkinsonian treatments reduce both hypokinesia and complexity. Since the comparisons between movement disorders and control remain unestablished, the healthy condition is envisaged with an adequate degree of GPi complexity allowing the emergence of noticeable information related to voluntary movement.