Predictive factors of vascular complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients treated with a default percutaneous strategy

Abstract

Background: Percutaneous approach techniques with closure device after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have diminished vascular complications (VC). In this retrospective study, we will report incidence and angiographic factors predisposing to major VC in patients undergoing TAVI using Prostar® XL closure device as a default strategy.

Methods: Consecutive patients, who underwent TAVI transfemorally using Prostar® XL, were evaluated for the incidence of VC according to VARC criteria. Using arterial angiography, the femoral-iliac arterial tortuosity was adjusted for large arterial diameters and expressed as the ratio total tortuosity/arterial diameter (TT/AD). Arterial calcification, the combination of angulation and atheromatosis at the puncture site and ideal puncture were evaluated too. In all patients, 30 days of follow-up was available.

Results: Eighty-four patients (80.2 ± 5.86 years, 39 males [46.4%]), who were consecutively treated with the transfemoral approach, were evaluated. In patients with major VC (17/84 [20.23%]) comparing to those without, arterial calcification (11 [64.7%] vs. 8 [11.9%], P < 0.01) and the TT/AD (30.2 ± 11.25 vs. 22.06 ± 8.64, P < 0.01) were independent predictors. Ideal puncture was achieved more frequently among patients without VC comparing to those with major (94.1% vs. 70.6%, P = 0.01). Blood transfusions (1.48 ± 0.37 vs. 2.45 ± 0.59, P = 0.023) were more frequent among patients with major VC. Finally, minimum creatinin clearance after TAVI predicted all-cause 30-day mortality (P = 0.021).

Conclusions: Major VC after TAVI with the use of Prostar closure device can be predicted by arterial calcification at the puncture site and TT/AD ratio. Minimum creatinin clearance after TAVI predicted 30-day mortality.

Keywords: Prostar closure device; TAVI; predictive factors; vascular complications.