Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2013 Jun 18;16(1):18633.
doi: 10.7448/IAS.16.1.18633.

The challenge of chronic lung disease in HIV-infected children and adolescents

Heinrich C Weber  1 , Robert P Gie, Mark F Cotton
Affiliations
Review

The challenge of chronic lung disease in HIV-infected children and adolescents

Heinrich C Weber et al. J Int AIDS Soc. .

Abstract

Until recently, little attention has been given to chronic lung disease (CLD) in HIV-infected children. As the HIV epidemic matures in sub-Saharan Africa, adolescents who acquired HIV by vertical transmission are presenting to health services with chronic diseases. The most common is CLD, which is often debilitating. This review summarizes the limited data available on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical picture, special investigations and management of CLD in HIV-infected adolescents. A number of associated conditions: lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, tuberculosis and bronchiectasis are well described. Other pathologies such as HIV-associated bronchiolitis obliterans resulting in non-reversible airway obstruction, has only recently been described. In this field, there are many areas of uncertainty needing urgent research. These areas include the definition of CLD, pathophysiological mechanisms and common pathologies responsible. Very limited data are available to formulate an effective plan of investigation and management.

Keywords: HIV; LIP; adolescent; bronchiectasis; children; chronic lung disease; tuberculosis (TB).

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Potential pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to CLD in HIV-infected children and adolescents. RTI, recurrent respiratory tract infection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Ferrand RA, Luethy R, Bwakura F, Mujuru H, Miller RF, Corbett EL. HIV infection presenting in older children and adolescents: a case series from Harare, Zimbabwe. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44(6):874–8. - PubMed
    1. Ferrand RA, Corbett EL, Wood R, Hargrove J, Ndhlovu CE, Cowan FM, et al. AIDS among older children and adolescents in Southern Africa: projecting the time course and magnitude of the epidemic. AIDS. 2009;23(15):2039–46. - PMC - PubMed
    1. UNAIDS: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epIdemIc: 2012. 2012. Edited by (UNAIDS) JUNPoHA.
    1. Zar HJ. Chronic lung disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008;43(1):1–10. - PubMed
    1. Ferrand RA, Bandason T, Musvaire P, Larke N, Nathoo K, Mujuru H, et al. Causes of acute hospitalization in adolescence: burden and spectrum of HIV-related morbidity in a country with an early-onset and severe HIV epidemic: a prospective survey. PLoS Med. 2010;7(2):e1000178. - PMC - PubMed