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Review
. 2013 Jul;9(3):291-301, vi.
doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2013.04.004. Epub 2013 Jun 4.

Initial management of patients with acute heart failure

Gregory J Fermann  1 , Sean P Collins
Affiliations
Review

Initial management of patients with acute heart failure

Gregory J Fermann et al. Heart Fail Clin. 2013 Jul.

Abstract

Pressure exists to manage patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) efficiently in the acute-care environment. Although most patients present with worsening of chronic heart failure, some may present with undifferentiated dyspnea and new-onset heart failure. Others have significant comorbidities that complicate both the diagnosis and treatment. The treatment of patients with ADHF is prioritized based on vital signs and presenting phenotype. The risk stratification of patients is the subject of ongoing evaluation. The disposition of patients to areas other than a monitored inpatient bed, such as an emergency department-based observation unit, may prove effective.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Ultrasound B-lines (comet tails). (Courtesy of Laura Kress, RDCS, RVT, Cincinnati, OH.)
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