N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed annulation of benzofuran-2,3-diones and enals: a concise synthesis of spiro-bis-lactone

Abstract

The N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed annulation of benzofuran-2,3-diones and enals via homoenolate intermediates is described. The reaction provided a direct and efficient method for the synthesis of spiro-bis-lactones. The ketone-carbonyl group annulated products and the ester-carbonyl group annulated products can be obtained as major products with good yields by convenient catalyst regulation. Furthermore, commercially available thiazolium salt can also catalyze this reaction with modest yield.