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Review
. 2013:8:2509-20.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S46919. Epub 2013 Jul 18.

Toxic effects of the interaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with chemicals or physical factors

Kui Liu  1 , Xialu Lin, Jinshun Zhao
Affiliations
Review

Toxic effects of the interaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with chemicals or physical factors

Kui Liu et al. Int J Nanomedicine. 2013.

Abstract

Due to their chemical stability and nonallergic, nonirritant, and ultraviolet protective properties, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in industries such as electronics, optics, and material sciences, as well as architecture, medicine, and pharmacology. However, increasing concerns have been raised in regards to its ecotoxicity and toxicity on the aquatic environment as well as to humans. Although insights have been gained into the effects of TiO2 NPs on susceptible biological systems, there is still much ground to be covered, particularly in respect of our knowledge of the effects of the interaction of TiO2 NPs with other chemicals or physical factors. Studies suggest that interactions of TiO2 NPs with other chemicals or physical factors may result in an increase in toxicity or adverse effects. This review highlights recent progress in the study of the interactive effects of TiO2 NPs with other chemicals or physical factors.

Keywords: TiO2; chemicals; interaction; nanoparticles; physical factors; titanium dioxide.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Toxicokinetics and accumulation sites of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Note: Reprinted from Shi et al, Copyright 2013, with permission from BioMed Central Publishing. Abbreviation: GI, gastrointestinal.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Interactive effects (degradation and absorption) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) with chemicals under ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation. Abbreviations: OH, hydroxyl radicals; O2, oxygen; O2–, superoxide radical; H2O, water; e−, electron; h+, the positive hole.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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