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Review
. 2013 Apr 24;27(7):1045-57.
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835cffd9.

Phylogenetic inferences on HIV-1 transmission: implications for the design of prevention and treatment interventions

Bluma Brenner, Mark A Wainberg, Michel Roger
Review

Phylogenetic inferences on HIV-1 transmission: implications for the design of prevention and treatment interventions

Bluma Brenner et al. AIDS. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic analysis of the Quebec non-B subtype epidemic (n=858) originating from West and Central Africa
Clustering (27%) was limited to conjugal families (n=2–4infections/cluster). Domestic spread of a subtype D (n=13) heterosexual cluster and a CRF_AB (n=30) MSM transmission clusters have been circled.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic clustering of MSM and IDU epidemics in Montreal
(a) Phylogenetic tree of MSM infections (n=1359) with large clusters [6–30primary HIV infection (PHI)/cluster, n=553] and small clusters (2–4 PHI, n=272) denoted in blue and orange, respectively. (b) Section of MSM tree (arrowed) showing three unique transmissions, three small clusters and one large cluster harbouring the K103N resistance mutations. (c) Phylogenetic tree of IDU infections (n=244) with small (n=90) and large (n=77) clusters denoted in blue and orange, respectively. One mixed cluster (n=17) is arrowed.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Temporal expansion of 29 large MSM clusters (7+ primary infections) over the last decade
Box and whiskers plots represent the episodic transmission intervals of each cluster, with Tukey whiskers showing 1.5 time interquartile intervals and severe outliers (●). Four transmission clusters showed biphasic expansion with initial (light grey) and secondary outbreaks (dark grey). Clusters harbouring resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have been dashed. The sizes of each transmission cluster are denoted in parenthesis. Clusters 68, 50 and 99 harbouring transmitted resistance to NNRTIs are dashed.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Phylogenetic insights on future possibilities in HIV prevention
Temporal expansion of small (2–4 PHI) and large (5–60) clusters are denoted by solid and dashed lines, respectively. Testing must be frequent to capture individuals in a timely fashion for ‘Treatment for as Prevention’ (TasP) paradigms. Antiretroviral drug (ART) pharmacokinetics and patient adherence to ART is necessary to prevent viral bound and chronic stage transmissions.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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