Risk stratification and management of the febrile young child

Abstract

Febrile young children present frequently to the emergency department. While most febrile children recover uneventfully, certain subgroups are at higher risk of serious infection. Febrile neonates require extensive diagnostic testing, antibiotic therapy, and hospital admission. Diagnostic testing can be utilized in older patients to identify children at low risk and high risk for serious infection. This information may assist in determining the treatment and disposition of these febrile children.

Keywords: Bacteremia; Child; Fever; Neonate; Pneumococcal vaccination; Pneumonia; Rapid viral testing; Urinary tract infection.