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. 2013 Nov;11(3):1003-12.
doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.06.007. Epub 2013 Jun 29.

Generation of organized anterior foregut epithelia from pluripotent stem cells using small molecules

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Free article

Generation of organized anterior foregut epithelia from pluripotent stem cells using small molecules

Nicola A Kearns et al. Stem Cell Res. 2013 Nov.
Free article

Abstract

Anterior foregut endoderm (AFE) gives rise to therapeutically relevant cell types in tissues such as the esophagus, salivary glands, lung, thymus, parathyroid and thyroid. Despite its importance, reports describing the generation of AFE from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) by directed differentiation have mainly focused on the Nkx2.1(+) lung and thyroid lineages. Here, we describe a novel protocol to derive a subdomain of AFE, identified by expression of Pax9, from PSCs using small molecules and defined media conditions. We generated a reporter PSC line for isolation and characterization of Pax9(+) AFE cells, which when transplanted in vivo, can form several distinct complex AFE-derived epithelia, including mucosal glands and stratified squamous epithelium. Finally, we show that the directed differentiation protocol can be used to generate AFE from human PSCs. Thus, this work both broadens the range of PSC-derived AFE tissues and creates a platform enabling the study of AFE disorders.

Keywords: AFE; BMPi; DE; ESCs; MEF; PSCs; TGFβi; anterior foregut endoderm; bone morphogenic protein inhibitor; definitive endoderm; embryonic stem cells; mouse embryonic fibroblasts; pluripotent stem cells; transforming growth factor inhibitor.

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