γ-Benzene hexachloride poisoning leading to acute hepatorenal decompensation

Abstract

γ-Benzene hexachloride is a commonly used insecticide of organochlorine group. Notable toxic effects include seizures, ataxia, confusion and other central nervous system dysfunction. A 30-year-old male farmer with suicidal ingestion of γ-benzene hexachloride poison developed acute intrinsic renal failure with azotaemia and diminished urine output along with features of acute fulminate liver failure. Renal function recovered with haemodialysis and liver parameters gradually normalised with time. As per our knowledge simultaneous acute hepatic and kidney injury associated with γ-benzene hexachloride poison is never reported in humans. The exact pathophysiology of this life-threatening complication is an enigma. However, oxidative stress has been postulated as a contributory factor as suggested in animal studies. Conservative management with successful outcome in our case stresses on the impact of watchful observation and aggressive management. He was discharged after 3 weeks at stable condition and was healthy at 3 months follow-up.