Drug-coated balloon treatment of coronary artery disease: a position paper of the Italian Society of Interventional Cardiology

Abstract

Drug-coated balloons are a new tool for the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease. The main feature of this technology is a rapid and homogenous transfer of an antiproliferative drug (paclitaxel) to the vessel wall just at the time of balloon inflation, when neointimal proliferation, in response to angioplasty, is the highest. Moreover, drug-coated balloons share adjuntive advantages over stents: the absence of permanent scaffold and polymer, the respect of the original coronary anatomy, and limited inflammatory stimuli, thereby allowing for short-term dual antiplatelet therapy. To this day, a lot of devices are available in the market, with limited scientific data for the vast majority of them. Thus, the Italian scientific society of interventional cardiologists GISE decided to coordinate the efforts of a group of reknown experts on the field, in order to obtain a Position Paper on the correct use of drug-coated balloons in all the settings of coronary artery disease, giving a class of indication to each one, based on the clinical evidence. This Position Paper represents a quick reference for operators, investigators, and manufactures to promote the understanding and the correct use of the drug-coated balloon technology in everyday clinical practice.

Keywords: coronary artery disease; drug-coated balloon; percutaneous coronary intervention.