Skin cancer: an overview of epidemiology and risk factors

Abstract

Objectives: To provide a general overview of malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, with an emphasis on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and the multiple and varied risk factors associated with skin cancer.

Data sources: Peer-reviewed journal articles, government health reports, book chapters, and Web-based resources.

Conclusion: Skin cancer is the most common carcinoma, affecting millions worldwide. Incidence is increasing yearly, making it a pre-eminent public health threat. Myriad factors increase the risk of skin cancer and may serve as important prognostic indicators for the disease.

Implications for nursing practice: To provide nurses with a clearer understanding of the causative mechanisms of skin cancer and an improved awareness of the risk factors associated with the disease.

Keywords: Skin cancer; melanoma; non-melanoma skin cancer; skin cancer clinical presentation; skin cancer epidemiology; skin cancer risk factors.