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. 2013 Nov;51(11):3855-7.
doi: 10.1128/JCM.01847-13. Epub 2013 Aug 21.

Evidence for recombination between pandemic GII.4 norovirus strains New Orleans 2009 and Sydney 2012

V Martella  1 , M C Medici, S De Grazia, F Tummolo, A Calderaro, F Bonura, L Saporito, V Terio, C Catella, G Lanave, C Buonavoglia, G M Giammanco
Affiliations

Evidence for recombination between pandemic GII.4 norovirus strains New Orleans 2009 and Sydney 2012

V Martella et al. J Clin Microbiol. 2013 Nov.

Abstract

During 2012, a novel pandemic GII.4 norovirus variant, Sydney 2012, emerged worldwide. A signature of the variant was a GII.Pe ORF1, in association with GII.4 Apeldoorn 2008-like ORF2-ORF3 genes. We report the detection of recombinant GII.4 Sydney 2012 strains, possessing the ORF1 gene of the former pandemic variant New Orleans 2009.

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
SimPlot analysis of partial ORF1 (RdRp) and complete ORF2 (VP1) and ORF3 (VP2) sequences of the GII.4 recombinant strain PA13/2013/ITA. Window size, 200 bp; step, 20 bp. The vertical axis indicates the nucleotide identities between the query strain, PA13/2013/ITA, and the reference strains, expressed as percentages. The horizontal axis indicates the nucleotide (nt) positions. The vertical dashed line indicates the recombination site. Dark gray line, GII.4 variant New Orleans 2009 reference strain Hu/GII.4/New Orleans1805/2009/USA (GU445325); light gray line, GII.4 variant Sydney 2012 reference strain Hu/GII.4/Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AU (JX459908). The positions of the diagnostic regions A to D in the NoV genome are mapped on the schematic representation of the NoV genome.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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