Gallibacterium anatis bacteremia in a human

Abstract

We describe the first case of bacteremia due to Gallibacterium anatis. The patient, a 26-year-old woman, developed bacteremia and diarrhea. The origin of infection was possibly due to a diet contaminated by G. anatis in this highly immunocompromised patient.

Fig 1

(a and b) Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree showing the phylogenetic placement of strain NTS31300851 (in boldface) among members of the Gallibacterium anatis species. Twenty-seven 16S rRNA gene and sodA sequences selected from the GenBank database were aligned with that of strain NTS31300851 by using MEGA5 (www.megasoftware.net). Accession numbers are indicated after the species name. The evolutionary history was inferred using the NJ method. The figure shows the optimal tree; the sums of the branch lengths for 16S rRNA genes and sodA genes were 0.61902303 and 2.62153347, respectively. The percentages of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1,000 replicates) are shown next to the branches. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Kimura 2-parameter method and are in the units of the number of base substitutions per site. The final data set contains 1,360 and 451 positions, for 16S rRNA genes and sodA genes, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in MEGA5. NJ and parsimony trees were globally congruent with the distance tree and confirmed the placement of the NTS31300851 strain in the Gallibacterium anatis species. Scale bar indicates substitutions per nucleotide position. (a) 16S rRNA gene NJ tree showing the phylogenetic placement of strain NTS31300851 (in boldface); (b) sodA NJ tree showing the phylogenetic placement of strain NTS31300851 (in boldface).