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. 2013 Mar 31;26(1):5-11.

Nosocomial infections in burn patients: etiology, antimicrobial resistance, means to control

M Leseva  1 , M Arguirova, D Nashev, E Zamfirova, O Hadzhyiski
Affiliations

Nosocomial infections in burn patients: etiology, antimicrobial resistance, means to control

M Leseva et al. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. .

Abstract
in English, French

The aim of our study was to determine the etiology of nosocomial infections, their changes over a period of five years (2007-2011), and the measures for control of infections and antimicrobial resistance in the Burns Clinic of the N.I. Pirogov University Multi-Profile Hospital for Active Treatment and Emergency Medicine, Sofia, Bulgaria. The medical records for all the patients and the database of the "Clinical Microbiology and Surveillance of Infections" National Information System were reviewed and analyzed to identify the microbial pathogens isolated in our burns Clinic. The three most frequent nosocomial pathogens were S. aureus, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. In order to control effectively nosocomial infections, a system of anti-infective and anti- microbial resistance measures has been developed and routinely implemented in our Clinic since 2008. Since 2009, thanks to this system, there has been a significant decrease in the rates of multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Although at present the incidence of the nosocomial infections in our burns clinic is lower than in neighboring countries, several important infection control issues still need to be solved. We mainly rely on updating and strengthening the existing anti-infective system in order to control the spread of multi-drug resistant organisms, such as A. baumannii, extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa.

Les Auteurs de cette étude se sont proposé de déterminer l’étiologie des infections nosocomiales, leur évolution sur une période de cinq ans (2007-2011), et les mesures de contrôle des infections et la résistance antimicrobienne auprès de la Clinique des Brûlures de l’Hôpital Universitaire Multi-Profil pour le Traitement Actif et la Médecine d’Emergence N.I. Pirogov, Sofia, Bulgarie. Ils ont examiné et analysé les dossiers médicaux de tous les patients et la base données du Système National d’Information pour “La Microbiologie Clinique et la Surveillance des Infections” dans le but d’individuer les pathogènes microbiens isolés dans la Clinique des Brûlures. Les trois agents pathogènes nosocomiaux les plus communs étaient S. aureus, A. baumannii et P. aeruginosa. Afin de contrôler efficacement les infections nosocomiales, un système de mesures de résistance anti-infectieuse et anti-microbienne a été développé et mis en oeuvre systématiquement dans notre clinique depuis 2008. Depuis 2009, grâce à ce système, les Auteurs ont constaté une diminution significative des taux des souches multi-résistantes de Staphylococcus aureus (SMRS). Même si l’incidence des infections nosocomiales dans notre Clinique des Brûlures est inférieure à ceux des pays voisins, plusieurs questions importantes de contrôle des infections doivent encore être résolus, il faut encore résoudre divers problèmes importants du contrôle des infections. Les Auteurs mettent continuellement à jour et renforcent le système anti-infection existant afin de contrôler la diffusion des organismes multi-résistants, tels que A. baumannii, les Enterobacteriaceae productrices de ß-lactamases à spectre élargi (BLSE) et P. aeruginosa résistant au carbapénem.

Keywords: burns; multi-drug-resistant organisms; nosocomial infection.

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Figures

Table I
Table I. Demographics of patient data
Table II
Table II. Total number of patients and of isolated nosocomial strains
Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Spectrum and rate of nosocomial pathogens isolated in burn patients.
Table III
Table III. Changes in the incidence of Enterobacteriaceae and of ESBL-producing strains over the years
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Changes in the rates of MRSA during the study period.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Susceptibility of A. baumannii to antimicrobial drugs.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Susceptibility of A. baumannii to antimicrobial drugs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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