Pediatric interventional bronchoscopy

Abstract

Pediatric interventional bronchoscopy includes a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Restoration of airway patency, management of tracheoesophageal fistula, and difficult airway intubation are just a few pertinent examples. This review discusses the most recently introduced techniques in pediatric bronchology. These interventions include bronchoscopic laser resection, airway stenting, management of central airway stenosis, and the use of ultrathin optical devices. Although no comparative studies are available, the authors compare the different techniques as reported in the literature. Respective advantages and drawbacks are discussed in light of their own practice, with particular emphasis on technical difficulties encountered in younger children.

Keywords: Airway stents; Balloon catheter dilatation; Bronchial blockers; Bronchoscopic laser; Endoscopic sealing; Endoscopy-assisted tracheal intubation; Pediatric interventional bronchoscopy; Tracheoesophageal fistula management.