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Review
. 2013 Sep;14(12):1517-26.
doi: 10.2217/pgs.13.143.

Tailoring mTOR-based therapy: molecular evidence and clinical challenges

Gaetano Santulli  1 , Hana Totary-Jain
Affiliations
Review

Tailoring mTOR-based therapy: molecular evidence and clinical challenges

Gaetano Santulli et al. Pharmacogenomics. 2013 Sep.

Abstract

The mTOR signaling pathway integrates inputs from a variety of upstream stimuli to regulate diverse cellular processes including proliferation, growth, survival, motility, autophagy, protein synthesis and metabolism. The mTOR pathway is dysregulated in a number of human pathologies including cancer, diabetes, obesity, autoimmune disorders, neurological disease and aging. Ongoing clinical trials testing mTOR-targeted treatments number in the hundreds and underscore its therapeutic potential. To date mTOR inhibitors are clinically approved to prevent organ rejection, to inhibit restenosis after angioplasty, and to treat several advanced cancers. In this review we discuss the continuously evolving field of mTOR pharmacogenomics, as well as highlight the emerging efforts in identifying diagnostic and prognostic markers, including miRNAs, in order to assess successful therapeutic responses.

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Conflict of interest statement

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. mTOR signaling pathways
GF: Growth factor; GFR: Growth factor receptor; TSC: Tuberous sclerosis complex.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Molecular structures of rapamycin and the first generation of mTOR inhibitors (rapalogs)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Model of the reciprocal regulation of mTOR and miRNAs
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Website

    1. Clinicaltrials.gov. http://clinicaltrials.gov.

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